Factors That Influence Middle School Parent s Decision

A. Background This Since the beginning, of this century a global tendency to abolish corporal punishment have been introduced to challenge old dependence on corporal punishment as a tool for reforming children’s misbehavior, according to Global Report (2008). According to Straus (2001) Corporal punishment is defined as â€Å"the use of physical force with the intentions of causing a child to experience pain, but not injury, for the purpose of this control of the child’s behavior†, corporal punishment was almost universally approved of and used by parents in at least the first three quarters of the 20th century. In 1977, the US Supreme Court found that the Eighth Amendment, which prohibits cruel and unusual punishment, did not apply to†¦show more content†¦Researchers indicate that it is easier to expect the occurrence of corporal punishment than it is to expect rate of use. In 1988, A National Opinion Research Center Survey found that 80% of Americans either agreed or strongly agreed that â€Å"it is sometimes necessary to discipline a child with a good, hard spanking Flynn (1944). Consistently, a massive number of students are subject to corporal punishment in state subsidized schools. Although, the different issues connected with the hitting or paddling of students, beating is legal document of school in a few states. There is no prohibition at the federal levels of corporal punishment in all public and private schools. II. Review of Related Literature The article that related to the research topic is this that, Gershoff co-authored that examined 20,000 kindergartners and their parents, she found that 89% of black parents, 79% of white parents, 80% of Hispanic parents and 73% of Asian parents said they have spanked their children. But why do so many black parents approve of disciplining their children that way? The answer is complicated, experts said. Some researchers have suggested it s a legacy left by the brutality of slavery. Some say it’s established in

Tiffany Co Case Study - 1163 Words

Tiffany Case Study Introduction Tiffany was founded in September 18, 1837 and for about 170 years, the brand has been successfully opening several stores and establishing the brand as the top place to buy fine jewelry of high quality. The brand has been dedicated to provide their customers with original designs as well as the ultimate in-store experience. They know that their customers expect nothing less than top quality in jewelry and services and Tiffany’s has done just that for the past fifty-three years when Charles Lewis bought the company and named it as Tiffany Company. The company mission and values evolves more than creating fine, high quality jewelry, in fact the company believes that their products are†¦show more content†¦Or does it have a duty to grow faster? Why? I don’t think that Tiffany Co. need and should change its strategy as long as it sustains growth. A constant and sustained growth will make sure that the company continues on being leader in the jewelry business. Should Tiffany open new stores faster? Why? Tiffany’s major preoccupation has to do with producing high quality products and not with the number of stores opened in time. One example of this thought can be taken from the case: preferred to staff a new store with 50% current employees and 50% experienced local salespeople from fine jewelry store in the new area (Tiffany and Company, page 4). So, no Tiffany should not open new stores faster, and we can prove by computing the annual increase in the number of stores opened in the U.S and other countries. Annual increase = Number of stores in the Present year minus Number of stores in the previous year. Example: Annual increase in stores for 2001 = 44 minus 42 equals 2 By observing the table below, we can that from 2000 to 2006 the company has opened more stores in the U.S than in any other country in the world. |Table 1. 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Pamela Kufahl states, â€Å"Logos are the utmost importance in maintaining a common look to your marketing pieces† (43). According to Pamela W. Henderson and JosephRead MoreThe Jewelry Industry And A New Company1469 Words   |  6 Pages Rivalry among competing firms By operating in a niche segment of the market Blue Nile has managed to carve them out a nice piece of the jewelry industry. Blue Nile is neither at the top end of the industry nor at the bottom end. They are as the case states stuck in the middle of the industry by providing high quality jewelry at discounted prices. Competitors on the high end of the industry, like Tiffany’s and DeBeers, have already begun creating an online presence for their consumers to shop inRead MoreHow Co Sleeping Can Affect A Family1723 Words   |  7 Pagespositive ways that co-sleeping can affect a family. Co-sleeping is a hypernym of sleeping arrangements defined by Wendy Goldberg as â€Å"the presence of a caregiver who sleeps within close enough proximity of the infant to permit the exchange of at least two sensory stimuli† (par. 8). Goldberg is a psychology professor at the University of California, with specializations in infant sleep and transition into parenthood, among other things. While the medical community is at odds on the topic of co-sleeping, both

Principles of Management Emirates Airlines

Question: Discuss about thePrinciples of ManagementforEmirates Airlines. Answer: Introduction Management is an essential part of an organization in the United Arab Emirates. Management is the act of running and controlling Business activities to complete an activity effectively. Management is better understood through functions and roles models. The following chart shows the management functions and roles of management in Emirates Airlines (Marquis, 2016). The Functions Model This model involves the five functions of management namely, organizing, controlling, planning, staffing and coordinating. Planning function involves the establishment of strategies definition of purpose coordination and integration of activities of the airline company to ensure effectiveness and efficiency in the delivery of services (Alfred, 2017). Organizing function constitutes of establishing the way forward for tasks, and division of work. This ensures that the organization cuts cost as well as avoid the duplication of duties in the airline company (Alfred, 2017). Coordination function relates to the influential aspect through motivation and harmonization of the staff. The manager engages the employees from time to time to motivate them and ensure that they are appreciated for their contribution to the organization. The controlling function is the function of evaluating and making adjustments of tasks. As the airline, industry competition increases in the world airline organizations in the Arab Emirates also are affected. This calls for the managers to make evaluations and adjustments to better position the company at a competitive edge (Alfred, 2017). Staffing function involves recruitment and aligning personal needs to those of the organization. This is done to get the right people for the job. A well-performing organization is defined by how well the employees in the organization are committed to the goals. Managers of Emirates airline engage in recruitment and alignment of employees personal needs to the success of the company (Alfred, 2017). The Roles Model Henry Mintzberg brought the model forward in the 1970s. The model puts management roles into three categories, which are, The interpersonal role, this involves ceremonial and symbolic duties, which are acting as the figurehead, liaison, and leader. Managers at Emirates airline are responsible and answerable to all activities taking place within the organization and its departments, they act as the agents of the organization in which activities are consulted through them (Management, 2017). The informational role that involves, monitoring, disseminating and being a spokesperson. All the information relating to the Emirates airline stops at the management level, the management then monitors and disseminates the information to identify the real issue in which they use to defend the organization or pass information as spokespersons (Management, 2017). Decisional roles include the roles of resource allocator, disturbance handler entrepreneur, and negotiator. The growth of the Emirates Airlines has been largely determined by the decisions made by the management. This ranges from resource allocation to negotiations and handling of conflicts within the organization to harmonize situations (Management, 2017). Chaos Theory In every organization, change is inevitable. Change causes chaos that is sometimes not manageable. As the organization continues to grow, so does the susceptibility of chaos. Therefore, more structure is required under this theory to manage change (Daft, 2016). Conclusion In conclusion, functions, and roles of management go hand in hand for successful management practice. The management at Emirates airline has already realized the two approaches hence the reason behind the growth of their organization. However, they require the chaos theory to manage the changes that come because of organization growth. References Alfred, w., 2017. Five Functions of Management Leading. [Online] Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/five-functions-management-leading-56418.html [Accessed 21 April 2017]. Daft, R., 2016. Management. s.l.:s.n. Management, M. R. I. O. r. D. r. P. o. M. B., 2017. Business Management. [Online] Available at: https://www.zeepedia.com/read.php?managerial_roles_in_organizations_informational_roles Marquis, B. . H. C., 2016. Leadership roles and management functions in business. s.l.:s.n.

Once by Nightwish free essay sample

Any Nightwish fan who looks at the track list for this album will instantly notice that a lot of Nightwish’s well-known and classic songs are on this album. For example Dark Chest of Wonders, Wish I Had an Angel, Nemo, Planet Hell and of course Ghost Love Score are all on Once. Looking at that list I just typed I can divide those songs into two categories; Wish I Had an Angel and Nemo are both well-known because they were successful singles whereas Dark Chest of Wonders, Planet Hell and Ghost Love Score are fan favourites and often considered classics. Based on the singles I can see why a lot of people thought this album was Nightwish selling out or going commercial. However if you listen to the whole album it becomes apparent that Nightwish have by no means sacrificed quality for radio play. The sound of this album can be described by one word; full. There are two other tracks however after Ghost Love Score, the 10 minute epic of the album, those being Kuolema Tekee Taiteilijan and Higher Than Hope. Both are more melodic and ballad-like which helps end everything the album was and Tarjas Nightwish career. Ghost Love Score I would consider to be one of the best Nightwish tracks of all time and in my top 20 epics of all time as well with the only Nightwish epic beating it is The Greatest Show On Earth. I, as well as many others, would probably want to see Tarja Turunen back in Nightwish but We still have some awesome stuff post-Tarja in my opinion. I give this album a 10/10. I am the Grim Reaper, signing off.

Cellular Rspiration Essay Example

Cellular Rspiration Essay LABORATORY REPORT FOR BIO411 Experiment 5 : Cellular Respiration Experiment 6 : Photosynthesis Title: Cellular Respiration Objective: To observe and determine cellular respiration in yeast/onion cells. * Measure respiration rate using different substrates. * Measure respiration rate at different temperature. Introduction: In this laboratory experiment, we are given 3 task. The first one is respiration in yeast. Second is respiratory indicator and the third one is observing mitochondria in yeast/onion cell. The first experiment is about investigation of sugars yeast. We will determine which sugars yeast can be use for cell respiration. When the yeast undergoes anaerobic/aerobic respiration, they will give out carbon dioxide. After that it will reacts with water to forms a weak carbonic acid solution. We will use BTB to monitor this reaction. Further explanation will be discussed at the discussion. The second experiment is respiratory indicator. Same concept with the first experiment. We will measure the respiration rate using different substrates based on the table provided. The third experiment is observing mitochondria in yeast/onion cells. We will be using the staining technique in order to obtain the result of the experiment. * Task 1: Respiration in Yeast Materials: Beakers * Pipettes * Cuvettes * 20% Glucose * 20% Lactose * 20% Sucrose * 20% Maltose * Distilled water * Brom Thymol Blue (BTB) * Spectrophotometer * Measuring cylinders. Procedures: 1. The spectrometer is set to 565nm. Distilled water is used to set the reading to the pure level. 2. 8mL of 20% glucose is placed in the beaker using a measuring cyl inder. 3. 1ml of Brom Thymol Blue (BTB) is added into a respective tubes using a pipette. 4. 4ml from the mixture of Glucose and BTB taken and placed in test tube then added with 0. 1ml of yeast extract. 5. The mixture then transferred into cuvette and placed into spectrophotometer. 6. We will write a custom essay sample on Cellular Rspiration specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Cellular Rspiration specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Cellular Rspiration specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The absorbance measured for 5 minutes. The reading taken within 30 seconds. 7. Steps 1-6 is repeated using 20% Lactose, 20% Sucrose, and 20% Maltose. 8. Reading obtained is recorded and compared with the others. Results: Time (s)| 20% Glucose| 20% Sucrose| 20% Maltose| 20% Lactose| 30| 1. 053| 1. 162| 1. 323| 1. 130| 60| 1. 051| 1. 161| 1. 310| 1. 123| 90| 1. 049| 1. 159| 1. 304| 1. 119| 120| 1. 048| 1. 159| 1. 297| 1. 116| 150| 1. 045| 1. 158| 1. 295| 1. 114| 180| 1. 044| 1. 155| 1. 292| 1. 111| 210| 1. 041| 1. 155| 1. 289| 1. 109| 240| 1. 040| 1. 154| 1. 287| 1. 107| 270| 1. 037| 1. 154| 1. 287| 1. 105| 300| 1. 035| 1. 154| 1. 284| 1. 103| Task 2: Respiratory Indicator Materials: * Test tubes * Yeast extract * 20% Glucose * Water bath * Parafilm * Distilled water * Tap water * Methylene blue Procedures: 1. 4 test tubes is obtained. 2. Each tube filled as table shown below, Tube 1 (room temperature)| Tube 2 (100? c)| Tube 3| Tube 4| 5ml yeast+1ml glucose+2ml methylene blue+2ml disti lled water| 5ml yeast+1ml glucose+2ml methylene blue+2ml distilled water| 5ml water+1ml glucose+2ml methylene blue+2ml distilled water| 5ml yeast+1ml water+1ml methylene blue +2ml distilled water| 3. For tube 2, yeast is added and glucose is immersed the tube in water bath(100%) for 5 minutes. The, methylene blue is added. 4. Parafilm is used to cover all the tubes. 5. Initial time and color is recorded. 6. Time taken for the decolorisation to occur is recorded. Result: | Tube 1| Tube 2| Tube 3| Tube 4| Observation| Dark blue(no change)| Dark blue(no change)| Dark blue(no change)| Dark blue(no change)| * Task 3: Observing Mitochondrian of Onion Cells Materials: * Glass slides * Sucrose solution * Methylene blue * Toothpick * Onion cell * Cover slip * Microscope Procedures: 1. Clean slide is obtained and a drop of sucrose solution is placed on the center. Two drops of methylene blue added and mixed well by using toothpick. 2. Yeast is placed on the mixture of sucrose and methylene blue and cobered by the cover slip. 3. The slide immediately viewed under microscope. Results: 35 minutes is taken for yeast cells to decolorized, where blue stain turns clear. Disccusion: In our experiment, in order to achieved our objective which are to observe and determine cellular repiration in yeast/onion cells, we have to measured respiration rate using different substrates and we also have to measure respiration rates at different temperatures in Task 1, Task 2, Task 3. In Task 1: Respiration in yeast, the result we obtained shows that the 20% Glucose give the lowest value of absorbance compared to the others and 20% Maltose gave the highest value of absorbance. The order of absorbance is 20% Glucose20% Lactose20% Sucrose20% Maltose This shown that Maltose has the highest rate of sugar which has the effective for yeast respiration. The wavelength used is same, but the reading was taken in every 30 seconds in 5 minutes period of time. As known, cell released energy from the food molecules by process of respiration. Cell also can dissolve in water to form a weak acid. As result, pH indicator such as BTB can be used to indicate the presence of carbon dioxide. â€Å"At low temperatures (0-10 C) yeast will not grow, but not die either. At temperatures 10-37 C yeast will grow and multiply, faster at higher temperatures with an optimal growth at 30 or 37 C (that depends on the species). At higher temperature the cells become stressed, meaning that their content becomes damaged and which can be repaired to some degree. At high temperatures (50 C) the cells die. The bacteria can survive freezing under certain conditions. When baking bread all yeast dies during the process. † -Dr. Trudy Wassenaar In Task 2: Respiration indicator, the result we obtain is no change at all the tubes prepared according to the table provided. Tube 1 supposed to have change in their colour because it was occur in room temperature, consist of yeast, have glucose and distilled water. No change for Tube 2, 3 and 4. Tube 2, it was occurred in 100 Celsius. Thus, no change occurred. For Tube 3, there are no change in colour because it does not consist of yeast, and for Tube 4, no change also because absent of glucose. For tube 2, no change occur because yeast can survive only in certain condition, as the researcher explained below:- In Task 3: Observing mitochondria in yeast/onion cells, we used yeast as our specimen. It actually takes 20-35 minutes to decolorize the blue stain. Unfortunately, we does not managed to observe the bluish oblong bodies in cytoplasm of cells. This maybe because the magnification we used is still cannot managed to give a clear image of the mitochondria. Conclusion: The objective is successfully achieved which is to observe and determine cellular respiration in yeast using different substrates and temperatures. Reference: 1) http://www. newton. dep. anl. gov/askasci/bio99/bio99693. htm * LAB 6 Title: Photosynthesis Introduction: In this experiments, we will mostly will discuss about process of photosynthesis which is process where the plants will convert carbon dioxide into organic compound. We have given 3 task in this experiments. There are:- Task 1, we have to extract chlorophyll pigments using paper chromatography, the separation technique. When the absorbent paper has its end puts into a solvent, the solvent will creep up the paper and soak it. Solute in solvents also tend to be carried upwards with the solvent. Various types of chlorophylls and carotenoids of plant photosystems are all membrane bound and only soluble in rather non polar solvents. These pigments have been removed from the spinach by extraction into acetone. The pigments will be separated by chromatography by using a solvent. Task 2, we have to measure wavelength of light absorbed by plant chlorophyll. Spectrometre is used to determine the absorbtion spectrum for the available chlorophyll extract of spinach pigments. Absorbance from the wavelengths of 400nm to 720nm every 10nm. Methanol used as a blank. Task 3, we have to quantifying the amount of oxygen being released from the photosynthesizing solution or the more accurate is we have to determine the rate of photosynthesis. Task 1: Photosynthesis Pigments Objectives: To extract chlorophyll pigments using paper chromatography. Materials: * Fresh spinach * Methanol * Chromatography paper * Conical flash * Rubber bugs * Haematocrit needles * Pencil * Ruler * Spectrophotometer Procedures: 1. A strip of absorbent paper positioned that it suspended about 5mm from the bottom of the available flask. 2. The paper is r emoved and acetone is poured into the bottom of the flask so it will be touching the bottom of the paper. 3. A strip of absorbent paper is streaked with the spinach extract using the haematocrit. 4. Dry it in a moments. A second streak is pplied over the first one. It repeated for minimum 15 times. Then dry it. 5. The paper is hooked on the stopper. The paper inserted into the flask so that its bottom just immersed into the solvent. 6. Let it until the solvent reached pin. 7. The diagram of the pigmentation on chromatography paper, labelled. Result: Rf = x / y Where, x is 9. 9 cm and y is 15. 2 cm. Thus, 9. 9 / 15. 2 = 0. 611 cm ( Not accurate- Experiment failed) * Task 2: Absorption Spectrum Objective: To measure the wavelength of light absorbed by plant chlorophyll. Materials: * Beaker Acetone Procedures: A spectrophotometer used to determine the absorption spectrum for the available chlorophyll extract of spinach pigment. The absorbance measured from wavelengths of 400nm to 720nm in every 10nm. Methanol used as a blank. Result: Wavelength (? )| Absorbance| Wavelength( ? )| Absorbance| 400| 0. 251| 570| 0. 224| 410| 0. 262| 580| 0. 221| 420| 0. 255| 590| 0. 226| 430| 0. 260| 6 00| 0. 235| 440| 0. 271| 610| 0220| 450| 0. 260| 620| 0. 223| 460| 0. 259| 630| 0. 221| 470| 0. 259| 640| 0. 220| 480| 0. 251| 650| 0. 216| 490| 0. 251| 660| 0. 214| 500| 0. 248| 670| 0. 213| 510| 0. 27| 680| 0. 250| 520| 0. 229| 690| 0. 220| 530| 0. 242| 700| 0. 266| 540| 0274| 710| 0. 237| 550| 0. 233| 720| 0. 198| 560| 0. 230| | | Table 1. 1| * Task 3: Measuring Rate of Photosynthesis Objective: To determine the rate of photosynthesis. Materials: * Elodea plant * 10mL measuring cylinder * Test tubes * Beaker * 0. 5 sodium hydrogen bicarbonate buffer Procedures: 1. Fresh sprigs of Elodea plant is inserted into wide test tube. The tube fully filled with buffer solution. The pH of buffer taken. 2. The tube was inverted into beaker which is half filled with the same buffer solution. 3. There is must be no air space inside the tube. 4. The beaker placed under a table lamp for one hour. 5. The tube gently tabbed, to trapped air bubbles released from the leaves. 6. The bubbles released counted. 7. The pH obtained recorded. Results: Reading| Initial| Final| pH| 8. 02| 9. 31| Volume| 25 ml| 24 ml| Total bubble formed= 4 Discussion: In our experiment, we have to discuss about the photosynthesis. What is photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is essential process for any living plants to survive. Raw materials which are carbon dioxide, water, oxygen and glucose as the products of the reaction. Water molecules will be broken down and oxygen will be released. Glucose molecule contains the energy from the sunlight converted to a new form, chemical energy. The overall chemical equation for these reactions is shown below: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy C6H12O6 + 6 O2 The energy that plants trap is essential, both for their own growth and for other organisms that rely on plants for food. Pigments that involved in this process is chlorophyll. So as in Task 1, we had extracted the chlorophyll pigment in spinach using the paper chromatography. Paper chromatography is a useful technique for separating and identifying pigment and other molecules from cell extracts that contain a complex mixture of molecules). We may have the result stated as below but to be truth is our experiment does not have an accurate result because of the spinach with the acetone is too dilute and it is difficult to obtain an accurate result. It was suppose to separate the pigments in paper chromatography but, we only can observe a single solute carried upwards. In Task 2, which is we measure the wavelength of light absorbed by plant chlorophyll starting from 400nm till 720nm. Reading is taken every 10nm. Based on the Table 1. 1, we can see the absorbance of chlorophyll are in a range of 0. 198 and 0. 274. There are not much different of absorbance in wavelength of 400nm until 720nm, but it the absorbance seems like decreasing where 0. 251 at 400nm, and 0. 198 at 720nm. In Task 3, we have to determine the rate of photosynthesis. In this experiments, we used Elodea plant. (Elodea is an autotroph that will photosynthesize under the appropriate conditions. )The initial pH value of buffer is 8. 02, and the initial volume is 25 ml. After 1 hour, the pH value increased to 9. 31, but decrease of volume to 24 ml. The pH increased because of higher amount of carbon entered the intermediate pathways. Total bubble produced was 4. The bubble produced means the total oxygen produce by the plant in photosynthesis process. Conclusion: We have achieved the all the objective of experiments which is to study Photosynthesis in 2 Task, whereby we need to extract chlorophyll pigments using paper chromatography, measure the wavelength of light absorbed by plant chlorophyll and to measure rate of photosynthesis. Reference: 1) http://www. ucmp. berkeley. edu/glossary/gloss3/pigments. html 2) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Photosynthetic_pigment

Discipline on Children essays

Discipline on Children essays Being parents is one of the most difficult tasks. Children are not born with a 'handbook'. Thus, deciding the appropiate way to raise a child is complicated. In addition, one of the most delicate aspects of raising children is discipline. It can be very hard for parents to decide what to do when the children need to be punished. Parents might get frustrated with their children's behaivour and may consider corporal punishment. However, parents should not use corporal punishment to discipline their children. Children get hurt when parents use corporal punishment. Physical agression is an agression, even if it is as 'meaningless' as spanking. Sometime parents might not control their strenght and really hurt their children. Children are weaker than adults. Hence, children are easier to get seriously hurt. Also, sometimes parents punish their children in more violent ways than spanking. For instance, some parents might hit their children with a belt or In addition, corporal punishment causes emotional and mental problems in children. The mere act of spanking children could mark them for the rest of their lifes. If children are punished physically they might feel rejected by their parents. In the same way, these children could suffer from depression or develop hatred toward their parents. Similarly, the parents experience emotional and mental problems. For instance, after punishing their children the parents might feel that they were very severe or cruel. Also, parents might feel guilty about hurting their children. Furthermore, children who were corporally punished are more likely to, in the future, commit the same acts whit their own children. Instead considering corporal punishment, parents should think about other ways to discipline their children. By this I don't mean calling the children demeaning names or insulting them, this could result in a way more harmuful kind of punishment. What parents should do is talk to t ...

Product Classifications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Product Classifications - Essay Example Organizational goods are those goods that firms purchase and use them to develop a final product. It includes office products, tools, equipment or parts that go into the final product. Raw materials and agricultural products are those goods that come directly into the earth not having gone through any human modification. Consumer goods are those goods that consumers are able to purchase and utilize them. The three main product classifications are further sub-divided into smaller categories for purposes of developing good market mixes. For instance, consumer goods are subdivided into specialty goods, shopping goods and convenience goods. According to Peter and Donnelly (2011), a marketing manager can utilize a product classification scheme as an important analytical device to assist them in planning marketing programs and strategies. As noted above, product classifications are developed basing on the assumption that such products can be marketed similarly. From the developed product classifications, a marketing manager will be able to strategize on their marketing strategies to ensure that a marketing program covers products that require the same type of promotion and marketing channels. This is to say that a product classification enables a marketing manager to device a marketing mix strategy. Goods under the same classification have similar attributes that make it possible to market them using a single marketing program or strategy. This is because such goods could either be destined for the same market or undergone the same degree of processing or transformation. These classifications are therefore important in enabling a marketing manager to place products appropriately when developing marketing strategies and marketing mixes.